临床病原微生物药敏试验结果分析及质量控制实践探讨

Objective To analyze the distribution of clinical pathogens and susceptibility test results from February 2025 to February 2026, explore key quality control points and their effectiveness, and provide a basis for rational drug use and the prevention of multidrug-resistant strains in clinical practice. Methods A total of 31,350 clinical specimens were selected during the same period, with 31,343 qualified specimens screened. Pathogens were isolated, and susceptibility tests were conducted using the disk diffusion method and micro broth dilution method. A full-process quality control system was established, with standard control strains calibrated weekly. Results A total of 4,776 pathogenic bacteria were isolated. Among them, 3,342 were Gram-negative bacteria(70.0%), mainly Escherichia coli(with 741 samples submitted for testing), followed by positive Ureaplasma urealyticum(529 samples) and Klebsiella pneumoniae(390 samples). The predominant pathogenic bacteria exhibited high susceptibility to carbapenems and vancomycin, but high resistance to cephalosporins and quinolones. There were 468 multi-drug resistant strains(11.0%). Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria dominated the clinical pathogens during the same period, with Escherichia coli being the most common and prevalent pathogen in the hospital. The antimicrobial resistance situation is severe. Full-process quality control effectively reduces test errors and improves result accuracy, holding significant value for precise clinical drug use and the prevention of multidrug-resistant strains.