2023-2024年江苏某地区呼吸道病原体流行病学分析

Objective To analyze the epidemic trend of respiratory pathogens in an area of Jiangsu Province, in order to provide a reasonable basis for early prevention and treatment of respiratory infectious diseases. Methods A total of 8,950 suspected acute respiratory infection(ARI) patients who were treated at Dongtai People's Hospital from November 2023 to November 2024 were selected to test for influenza A virus(FluA), influenza B virus(FluB), rhinovirus(HRV), respiratory syncytial virus(RSV), adenovirus(ADV), and mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) in the specimens. Results The total positive detection rates of HRV, MP, and respiratory pathogens in children were higher than those in middle-aged, young, and elderly patients(P<0.05). The positive detection rate of FluA in middle-aged and young patients was higher than that in children and elderly patients(P<0.05). The total positive detection rates of FluA, ADV, MP, and respiratory pathogens in autumn and winter were higher than those in spring and summer. The positive detection rates of FluB and RSV were higher in spring and winter than in summer and autumn(P<0.05). This study observed that individuals with a history of contact/exposure had a higher detection rate of respiratory pathogens(P<0.05). Conclusion In 2024, HRV, MP, and FluA were the most common respiratory pathogens in a certain area of Jiangsu Province, and targeted prevention and education on infection should be carried out for children. The peak season for acute respiratory infections is autumn and winter, so it is necessary to add clothing in a timely manner, wear masks when going to crowded places, and strengthen protection.