2014-2024 年山东省德州市流感流行特征及病原学分析

Abstract: Objective To understand influenza epidemiological characteristics and etiological surveillance results in Dezhou from 2014 to 2024, and provide reference for local prevention and control strategy adjustment. Methods Epidemiological analysis of influenza-like case (ILI) and etiological detection data from 3 influenza sentinel hospitals and Dezhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention influenza network laboratory. Results A total of 34,746 ILI cases were reported, ILI%＝1.34%, with significant annual differences (χ 2 ＝103.146, P＜0.001) and peak 8.41% in 2023-2024. High incidence was in winter-spring (October-March), positivity rate over 20% in December-January, and 5,129 peak cases in October 2023-2024. Age-wise, 0～4 and 25～59 years old accounted for over 26.00% each; 5～14 years old had the highest positivity rate (19.52%), ≥60 years old the lowest (2.78%), with significant differences (P＜0.001). Etiological surveillance shows 3,024 positive among 34,746 specimens (positivity rate 8.70%). Influenza A H3N2 was the main strain (1,279 cases), followed by B/BV (794 cases), accounting for 61.36% in 2023-2024. No significant gender difference (χ 2 ＝9.767, P＝0.082). Conclusion Dezhou has obvious annual influenza epidemic differences, with winter-spring as highincidence period. 5～14 years old is the key prevention group. Influenza A H3N2 and B/BV are main strains, supporting local strategy optimization.