新疆巴州地区7例内脏利什曼病临床特征和治疗效果分析

Objective To understand the epidemiology, clinical features, laboratory test results and treatment characteristics of 7 cases of visceral leishmaniasis, and to provide references for the early diagnosis and treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment features of visceral leishmaniasis reported online by current address in Bayingolin Prefecture, Xinjiang from 2022 to 2024. Data processing was performed using Excel 2007 software, and count data were expressed as rates. Results All 7 patients had a travel history to epidemic areas. All 7 cases occurred in the fourth quarter and the first quarter. Clinical manifestations included recurrent fever in 100%(7/7) of patients, splenomegaly in 85.7%(6/7), and pale appearance suggestive of anemia in 85.7%(6/7). Laboratory findings showed elevated serum ferritin(FERR) in 85.7%(6/7), increased procalcitonin(PCT) in 85.7%(6/7), elevated D-dimer in 71.4%(5/7) of cases, increased C-reactive protein(CRP) in 100%(7/7), and decreased fibrinogen(FIB) in 71.4%(5/7). Conclusion In laboratory examinations, indicators such as FERR, PCT, D-dimer, FIB, and CRP can be used as diagnostic aids for visceral leishmaniasis; long-term use of hormones may affect the results of rK39 dipstick tests and bone marrow aspiration for Leishmania detection; Combination therapy and prolonged treatment duration can improve efficacy in patients with comorbidities.