2020-2025年玉林市外环境禽流感病毒监测分析

Objective To analyze the monitoring results of avian influenza viruses in the external environment of Yulin City from 2020 to 2025. Methods A total of 1,101 environmental specimens from avian influenza sources in Yulin City were collected between January 2020 and November 2025. These specimens were screened for influenza A virus nucleic acids using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR), with positive specimens further subjected to H5, H7, and H9 subtype characterization tests. The data were analyzed across multiple dimensions, including year, specimen source, collection site, season, subtype, and sampling location. Results Among the 1,101 samples, H9 subtype was the predominant subtype among the positive detections(P<0.05). The positivity rates were 61.15% in poultry wastewater, 45.12% in urban and rural live poultry markets, and 57.65% in winter, all significantly higher than those in other categories(P<0.05). Within the A-type positive samples, H9 accounted for 46.17%. The Xilang Market exhibited the highest positivity rate at 90.00%(P<0.05). Conclusion Avian influenza contamination in the external environment of Yulin City was severe from 2020 to 2025, with H9 being the predominant strain. Live poultry markets, poultry wastewater, and winter periods are critical for prevention and control efforts. These findings provide valuable insights for local avian influenza control strategies.