滁州市工作场所职业病危害因素监测结果及防控策略分析

Objective To analyze the current monitoring status of occupational disease hazards in key industries in Chuzhou from January to October 2024, and to provide data support for formulating targeted prevention and control strategies. Methods From January to October 2024, using a stratified cluster random sampling method, 224 employers from 15 key industries in Chuzhou were selected as the study subjects. According to national occupational health standards, onsite monitoring was conducted for major occupational disease hazards in the workplaces, such as dust, chemical toxins, and noise. At the same time, the occupational health management of enterprises and the occupational health examination status of workers were investigated, comparing the hazard exceedance and prevention efforts across different regions and different-sized enterprises. Results A total of 224 employers were monitored. There is a statistically significantly difference in the rate of factors exceeding the standard among employers of different sizes and from different regions(P<0.05). The top five occupational hazard factors exceeding limits were silica dust, noise, cement dust, toluene, and benzene. Occupational health examinations were carried out in 133 enterprises, while 91 did not conduct such examinations. The examination rates from high to low were benzene, toluene, xylene, silica dust, noise, and welding fume(P<0.05). The abnormal rates in health exams from high to low were xylene, silica dust, noise, benzene, welding fume, and toluene(P<0.05). There were significant differences in occupational disease prevention efforts among different-sized enterprises in Chuzhou, with large enterprises having the highest exceedance rate at monitored positions(20.83%), while micro-enterprises had an occupational health coverage rate of only 39.02%. Conclusion While there have been some achievements in occupational disease prevention in Chuzhou, there are obvious differences across regions and enterprise sizes. Prevention and control strategies need further optimization, with a focus on small, medium, and micro enterprises and high-risk areas like silica dust and noise, strengthening prevention measures, addressing weak links, and improving local occupational disease prevention capacity.