腹膜透析患者症状管理体验的现象学研究

Objective To explore the subjective experiences, coping strategies, and unmet needs of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis in the process of symptom management, with the aim of providing evidence to optimize symptom management strategies. Methods A phenomenological approach was adopted. Twelve patients receiving peritoneal dialysis in the Department of Nephrology at a tertiary hospital were recruited. Data were collected through semi-structured, indepth interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method for thematic analysis. Results Four core themes were identified:(1) Multidimensional impact of symptoms: patients commonly experienced overlapping symptoms such as abdominal distension, fatigue, and pruritus, which exerted significant negative effects on daily functioning, sleep quality, and emotional well-being.(2) Challenges in self-management practices: including insufficient symptom recognition, lack of family support, and treatment adherence fluctuations due to financial stress.(3) Individualized needs for medical support: patients expressed strong expectations for tailored symptom-monitoring guidance, accessible and comprehensible health education, and timely online consultation channels.(4) Dynamic process of psychological adaptation: most patients transitioned from resistance to acceptance, with peer support playing a critical facilitating role. Conclusion Peritoneal dialysis patients commonly experience multiple symptom burdens, highlighting the need to consider their subjective experiences. It is therefore essential to develop personalized symptom management models that integrate physiological, psychological, and social dimensions, with the aim of improving symptom control and ultimately enhancing prognosis effect and quality of life.