原发性肝癌免疫治疗疗效及预后预测生物标志物研究进展

Abstract: Primary liver cancer is a malignant tumor with high incidence rate and high mortality rate worldwide, which is mainly divided into two subtypes: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). With breakthroughs in tumor immunology research, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and other immunotherapy methods have become an important component of clinical practice and have shown positive efficacy. The differences in individual biological characteristics of patients and the complexity of the tumor microenvironment lead to significant differences in treatment response, which poses key challenges for efficacy prediction and personalized treatment. The current research is dedicated to discovering reliable prognostic biomarkers to guide clinical development of personalized treatment plans and improve immunotherapy response rates. This article systematically analyzes the latest advances in immunotherapy for primary liver cancer, focusing on the research results of tumor tissue related biomarkers and peripheral circulation related biomarkers, providing a basis for optimizing the treatment efficacy evaluation system. Future research may integrate multiple omics data to construct a precise treatment model, improve treatment accuracy and overall efficacy by establishing a multidimensional biomarker evaluation system, and ultimately improve the survival prognosis of patients with primary liver cancer.