2023 年密云城区学校及托幼机构流行性感冒流行特征分析

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in schools, kindergartens in central urban area of Miyun District, Beijing in 2023, combined with the discussion of the current influenza prevention and control strategy, further strengthening measures and specific suggestions were put forward. Methods The data of influenza cases were collected in schools and kindergartens in central urban area of Miyun District, Beijing in 2023, and descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic characteristics, etiological surveillance results and vaccination status. Results There were 2,040 influenza cases in schools, kindergartens and other collective places in central urban area of Miyun District, Beijing in 2023, with an incidence rate of 18.07%. The distribution of cases was mainly concentrated between February to April and October to December in 2023. The incidence rates for children in kindergarten, primary school, middle school and high school were 31.51%, 13.20%, 17.78% and 13.08%, respectively. There were three main viruses causing influenza cases: influenza A H3N2 subtype virus 1,523 cases, as the main virus type, influenza A H1N1 subtype virus 429 cases, influenza B Victoria virus 73 cases, three cases of cross-infection between the two viruses. Conclusion Influenza cases were mainly caused by influenza A virus in schools and kindergartens in central urban area of Miyun District, Beijing in 2023. The prevention and control of influenza A virus infection should be strengthened continuously, and the epidemic caused by other virus types should be vigilant, so as to improve the timeliness and accuracy of epidemic reporting. Influenza vaccination has a protective effect on students, children in kindergarten and other groups, and it is recommended to strengthen the publicity of influenza vaccination among susceptible groups, improve the vaccination rate, and reduce the risk of transmission of influenza cases in group institutions. In addition, efforts should be made to optimize classroom ventilation, enhance cleaning and disinfection, carry out targeted health education activities, cultivate good hygiene habits, improve the epidemic monitoring system, and formulate emergency response plans from the aspects of health education and behavioral intervention, epidemic monitoring and prevention and control strategies, so as to further reduce the risk of influenza transmission in collective settings.