老年人“三高”共病现状及关联因素分析

Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation and related influencing factors of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia (“three highs”) comorbidity in the elderly in the grassroots community. Methods 1 000 elderly people who underwent physical examination from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected as the research objects by stratified random sampling method. Collecting information on the elderly and laboratory examination to understand the current situation of “three highs” comorbidity in the elderly. Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of “three highs” comorbidity in the elderly. Results There were significant differences in the distribution of “three highs” comorbidities among the elderly with different ages, marital status, educational level, body mass index (BMI) classification, smoking history, drinking history, physical activity, salt preference and dietary preference (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the distribution of “three highs” comorbidities among the elderly with different gender, sugar and oil addiction (P＞0.05). High school education and above is the protective factors affecting the “three highs” comorbidity of the elderly. (P＜0.05). Age≥65 years old, non-married, BMI classification as overweight, obesity, smoking history, drinking history, no exercise or occasional exercise, saltiness, and diet based on meat are the risk factors affecting the “three highs” comorbidity of the elderly (P＜0.05). The proportion of high risk patients with three highs comorbidity in the number of risk accumulation units was significantly higher than that of medium-risk and low-risk (P＜0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of “three highs” comorbidities among the elderly in the grassroots community is high, and marriage, education level and lifestyle are all influencing factors. The more the cumulative number of risk units is, the greater the possibility of “three highs” comorbidities is. Prevention and control should be based on this positioning of key populations, combined with the development of “three high co-management” strategies that can change risk factors.