无症状人群胃肠镜筛查在消化道肿瘤早诊中的临床研究

Abstract: Objective To summarize and analyze the clinical value of gastrointestinal endoscopy in the early diagnosis of digestive tract tumors in asymptomatic populations. Methods The study analyzed screening data from 1,000 asymptomatic middle-aged and elderly individuals in the region from June 2024 to October 2024, evaluating the detection characteristics of digestive tract polyps and neoplastic lesions. Results A total of 1,000 gastroscopies and 994 colonoscopies were completed. The detection rates were as follows: atrophic gastritis with/without intestinal metaplasia 9.0% (90/1,000). gastric polyps 31.0% (310/1,000). and colorectal polyps 56.14% (558/994). Pathological analysis revealed that fundic gland polyps accounted for the majority of gastric polyps, while colorectal adenomas constituted 15.90% (158/994). The detection rates of early cancer/high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and advanced cancer were 0.5% (5/1,000) and 0.4% (4/1,000), respectively. The detection rate of precancerous lesions increased with age and was higher in males than in females, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05). Conclusion Gastrointestinal endoscopy can effectively identify precancerous lesions and early-stage tumors in middle-aged and elderly populations, demonstrating significant value in the secondary prevention of digestive tract tumors.