微柱凝胶法与经典试管法在不规则抗体筛查中的诊断效能对比研究

Objective Compare the sensitivity and specificity of the microcolumn gel method(MGT) and the classical test tube method(CTM) in the screening of irregular antibodies. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 87 cases of irregular antibody test data collected from our laboratory between January 2023 and December 2025. All samples were tested using both MGT and CTM. A comprehensive reference standard was established as the gold standard to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the two methods. Results The microcolumn gel technique demonstrated higher sensitivity but lower specificity compared with the classical test tube method(P<0.05). Conclusion The microcolumn gel technique offers superior sensitivity, facilitating the detection of low-titer antibodies. However, it is prone to falsepositive results. In contrast, the classical test tube method exhibits higher specificity and a lower false-positive rate. The two methods are complementary, and their combined use can improve the reliability of test results.