超声检查在胎儿先天性心脏病筛查中的应用效果观察

Objective To investigate the actual efficacy of ultrasound technology in screening for fetal congenital heart disease. Methods A total of 80 pregnant women undergoing routine prenatal examination were selected as subjects. Systematic ultrasound scanning was performed at specific gestational stages, focusing on the anatomical structures of multiple sections including the fetal four-chamber view, left and right ventricular outflow tracts, and three-vessel trachea view. Color doppler flow imaging was used to evaluate cardiac hemodynamic status. All imaging data were interpreted in a double-blind manner by two experienced senior ultrasound physicians. Taking neonatal cardiac ultrasound assessment after delivery or pathological anatomy results after induction of labor as the reference standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis were calculated. Results Among the 80 subjects, 32 cases of structural cardiac dysplasia were detected by prenatal ultrasound. After postpartum verification, there were 29 true positive cases, 3 false positive cases, 3 false negative cases and 45 true negative cases. The data showed that the sensitivity of this method for screening fetal congenital cardiovascular malformations was 90.63%(29/32), the specificity was 93.75%(45/48), and the positive predictive value and negative predictive value reached 90.63%(29/32) and 93.75%(45/48), respectively. Conclusion Standardized multi-section ultrasound scanning combined with hemodynamic evaluation can be used as an effective screening tool for fetal congenital cardiovascular structural abnormalities. This method has high diagnostic accuracy and practical application value for improving prenatal diagnosis ability and guiding the optimization of clinical intervention strategies.