2020-2024年广州市某机构职业健康危害与体检异常趋势

Objective Based on occupational health surveillance data from a Guangzhou occupational health examination institution covering 2020-2024,this study aims to explore the distribution characteristics of major occupational hazard factors and the epidemiological patterns of health abnormalities caused by them,providing data support for improving regional occupational health prevention and control strategies.Methods A total of 29,846sets of physical examination data were included.Using multivariable Logistic regression(adjusting for variables such as industry and gender),the risk factors for occupational contraindications were identified.Results Workers in the automobile parts manufacturing industry accounted for 82.71%,with noise(55.4% exposure rate) and dust(39.1%) being the primary hazards.In the automobile parts and accessories manufacturing industry,occupational contraindications accounted for 59.5%,with noise being the main hazard factor(77.04%).The total detection rate of occupational contraindications was 1.86%,and the risk was significantly elevated in the group with combined exposure to noise and dust(4.44%,P<0.001).Workers with less than 3 years of exposure to benzene derivatives had a 2.2-fold increased risk,while those with≥10 years of exposure to high-temperature work had a risk increased to 4.5-fold(P<0.05).Conclusion There is significant industry heterogeneity in occupational health risks(such as noise in the automobile industry and high temperature in the rubber industry) and a cumulative effect of years of employment.Emphasis should be placed on strengthening off-the-job physical examinations and engineering interventions for combined exposures.