职业性噪声作业工人高频听力损失分析与预防研究

Objective To analyze the impact of occupational noise on high-frequency hearing loss in workers and to evaluate the implementation effect of preventive interventions. Methods A total of 100 workers exposed to occupational noise were selected as the research subjects and divided into groups based on whether preventive intervention measures were implemented. The control group consisted of 50 workers who underwent occupational health examinations for noise exposure, while the observation group included 50 workers who received preventive intervention measures in addition to the control group. The pure tone audiometry results, incidence of high-frequency hearing loss, compliance with protection measures, blood pressure changes, and mental health status of the workers in both groups were compared before and after the intervention. Results There was no significant difference in the hearing thresholds at 3,000, 4,000, and 6,000 Hz before the intervention between the two groups of workers. After the intervention, the hearing thresholds at 3,000, 4,000, and 6,000 Hz in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). The incidence of high-frequency hearing loss in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). The compliance rate of protection in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). The blood pressure values in the observation group were lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). In the assessment of the mental health status of the workers, the anxiety scores of the workers in both groups decreased significantly after the intervention compared with before the intervention, and the anxiety score of the observation group after the intervention was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Occupational noise exposure is a major risk factor for high-frequency hearing loss in workers, which can be accompanied by tinnitus, blood pressure fluctuations, and anxiety. Implementing systematic and comprehensive preventive intervention measures can effectively slow down hearing loss, reduce the incidence of high-frequency hearing loss, improve the compliance of workers with protection measures, and improve the blood pressure status and mental health of workers. This has very important clinical significance for protecting the hearing health of workers exposed to noise.