2007-2025年孝南区艾滋病流行特征、晚发现现状及防治策略研究

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, late-detection status, and survival outcomes of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) patients in Xiaonan District from 2007 to 2025, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating precise prevention and control strategies. Methods Using a retrospective analysis method, we collected the case data of 800 HIV/AIDS patients reported from 2007 to 2025 in the AIDS Comprehensive Prevention and Control Information System of Xiaonan District Disease Control Center. Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed to analyze the distribution characteristics of the epidemic situation. Logistic regression models were applied to analyze the factors influencing late diagnosis. The survival status of the patients was analyzed through their follow-up outcomes. Results Among the 800 HIV/AIDS patients, 570 were male and 230 were female. The majority were aged 40～60 years, most were farmers, and heterosexual transmission was the main route of infection. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that age ≥ 40 years old, primary school education or below, farmer and passive detection in medical institutions were independent risk factors for late diagnosis. A total of 800 HIV/AIDS patients were followed up, 600 cases(75.00%) survived and 200 cases(25.00%) died. Conclusion The AIDS epidemic in Xiaonan District is characterized by mainly middle-aged and elderly men, infections among farmers, and heterosexual transmission. It is recommended to strengthen publicity, education, and detection for key populations, reduce the harm of the epidemic.